Light can be used to direct the eyes of the viewer to see the focal point of a frame, create depth, to convey the time of the day, to enhance the mood of the picture, and the reveal a character's personalities.
Ratio of Key to Fill Light Ratio
High Key situation: Lots of soft fill light. Overall scene is quite illuminated. Contrast is low, and scene is usually well lit, and few dark areas. Mood conveyed: light hearted story, comedy, happy, minimize suspense, really nothing left to the imagination, straight forward presentation.
Low Key Situation: Scenes are darkly lit, no fill light, dark overall impression (not milky), light is usually used to direct viewers attention, darkness is to stimulate viewers imagination, good contrast, and evokes a feeling of unrest, and moody. Eg. a film noir is a low key lighting situation.
It really depend on the lighting requirement, and the story that the image/ or moving frame is telling, different lighting conditions will result a complete change in mood and drama.
Technically speaking, creating a believable lighting situation is about getting the shadows to look like those in real life. In 3D lighting, shadows are usually created looking too dark, sharp, flat, without interaction with the environment, lacking contact between the object and the floor, or insufficient variations. The lighting situation in real life is very dynamic and it would take more than a light to make a scene to look "real" or convincing.According to Jeremy Birn, there are several qualities of light he listed in his book: Softness, intensity, color, throw, direction, animation, and shadow. These play together to convey the mood of a scene, and they can all be controlled quite successfully in Maya.
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